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en:centro:servizos:ubuntu_14.04_citius [2016/05/16 18:05] – fernando.guillen | en:centro:servizos:ubuntu_14.04_citius [2016/05/19 13:24] (current) – fernando.guillen |
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FIXME **This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation.**\\ //(remove this paragraph once the translation is finished)// | |
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====== Ubuntu 14.04 CITIUS Operating System====== | ====== Ubuntu 14.04 CITIUS Operating System ====== |
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Installation, maintenance and support of an Ubuntu 14.04 Operating System that has been customized for the CITIUS. | Installation, maintenance and support of an Ubuntu 14.04 Operating System that has been customized for the CITIUS. |
If this doesn't fix the problem it is possible that the repository is out of date. Sometimes Firefox marks the Flash plugin as insecure and there is no current alternative.Then it is necessary to wait a few days for an update to appear. | If this doesn't fix the problem it is possible that the repository is out of date. Sometimes Firefox marks the Flash plugin as insecure and there is no current alternative.Then it is necessary to wait a few days for an update to appear. |
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==== I prefer the traditional scroll bars, can I have them back?Prefiro as barras de desplazamento tradicionais, ¿podo recuperalas? ==== | ==== I prefer the traditional scroll bars, can I have them back? ==== |
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Esas barras de desplazamento chámanse //Overlay Scrollbars//. Para cambialas polas tradicionais basta con eliminar o paquete ''overlay-scrollbar''. Se máis adiante queres volver a usalas, podes volver a instalar o paquete. | Then new scroll bars are called //Overlay Scrollbars//. To have the old ones back you need to uninstall the package ''overlay-scrollbar''. If you later change your mind, it is enough to install that packet back. |
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<code>aptdcon -r overlay-scrollbars</code> | <code>aptdcon -r overlay-scrollbars</code> |
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==== Problemas imprimindo documentos PDF ==== | ==== Problems printing PDF documents ==== |
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Algúns documentos, tras ser procesados polo lector de documentos evince, non se imprimen correctamente ou deixan a impresora atascada. Unha alternativa é utilizar o comando ''lp'', que envía os documentos á impresora sen procesar. Se non lle pasas opcións, por defecto lp envía o documento á impresora da da túa planta e non imprime a doble cara. | Some documents, after being processed by the Evince reader, don't get printed correctly or leave the printer blocked. As an alternative the command ''lp'' can be used. It sends the document to the printer unprocessed. Without options lp uses the printer in your floor and prints the document single-sided. |
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<code>lp -o sides=two-sided-long-edge archivo.pdf # imprime a doble cara | <code>lp -o sides=two-sided-long-edge example_file.pdf # prints double-sided |
lp -P 12,15,17-20 archivo.pdf # imprime solamente páxinas 12,15 e 17 a 20 | lp -P 12,15,17-20 example_file.pdf # prints only pages 12,15 e 17 a 20 |
lp -o number-up=4 -o fit-to-page -o number-up-layout=rltb archivo.pdf # imprime 4 páxinas por folla, de arriba a abaixo e de esquerda a dereita, escalando para ocupar o máximo posible | lp -o number-up=4 -o fit-to-page -o number-up-layout=rltb example_file.pdf # prints 4 pages by sheet, top to bottom and left to right, scaling to fit the sheet size. |
lp -d ctprints1 archivo.pdf # Imprime na impresora do semisótano | lp -d ctprints1 example_file.pdf # Prints in the basement printer |
lpstat -a # ver a lista de impresoras dispoñibles</code> | lpstat -a # Show the list of available printers</code> |
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==== Unity queda atascado, ¿como podo recuperar o sistema sen reiniciar? ==== | ==== Unity hangs, ¿how can I recover the system without rebooting? ==== |
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En algunhas configuracións, especialmente con pouca memoria de vídeo, Unity (o entorno de ventanas) pode chegar a deixar de responder. Se iso ocorre, basta con tentar executar o comando ''unity-reload''. Podes tentar facelo pulsando ''Alt+F2''. Se non funciona, sal a unha terminal pulsando ''Control+Alt+F1'', fai login e executa o comando dende ahí. Unha vez executado, volve á sesión con ''Alt+F7''. | Some configurations, specifically those with low video memory, are prone to leave Unity unresponsive. In that event you can try to execute the command ''unity-reload'' by pressing ''Alt+F2''. If that doesn't work, go to a terminal by pressing ''Control+Alt+F1'', login and execute the command from there. To go back to the desktop press ''Alt+F7''. |
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==== Instalar paquetes de Ruby, Python e R no directorio home ==== | ==== Install Ruby, Python and R packets in the home directory ==== |
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=== Ruby === | === Ruby === |
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O comando é o seguinte: | <code bash>gem install --user-install packet_name</code> |
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<code bash>gem install --user-install nome_paquete</code> | Before the first time you must install ''ruby1.9.1-dev'': |
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Antes de facelo por vez primeira, precisas instalar ''ruby1.9.1-dev'': | |
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<code bash>aptdcon -i ruby1.9.1-dev</code> | <code bash>aptdcon -i ruby1.9.1-dev</code> |
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Ó instalar a primeira xema recibirás un warning porque debes engadir un directorio ó PATH. Esto só debes facelo a primeira vez. Por exemplo: | When installing the first gem a warning to add a directory to the PATH will be issued. This must only be done the first time. For example: |
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<code>WARNING: You don't have /home/remoto/jorge.suarez/.gem/ruby/1.9.1/bin in your PATH, | <code>WARNING: You don't have /home/remoto/jorge.suarez/.gem/ruby/1.9.1/bin in your PATH, |
gem executables will not run.</code> | gem executables will not run.</code> |
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Só tes que poñelo no teu arquivo ''bashrc'' con este comando: | Add the necessary export command in your ''bashrc'' file with this command: |
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<code bash>echo "export PATH=~/.gem/ruby/1.9.1/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc</code> | <code bash>echo "export PATH=~/.gem/ruby/1.9.1/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc</code> |
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Para que teña efecto na sesión actual, executa o comando entre comiñas, ou executa ''bash'' para entrar nunha nova shell, ou volver a entrar na sesión. | This change won't have any effect until you open a new session unless you execute the quoted part of the previous command or the ''bash'' command in the current session. |
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=== Python === | === Python === |
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A opción recomendada é instalar a distribución [[https://www.continuum.io/downloads#_unix|Anaconda]]. Esta distribución instálase nun directorio do usuario e permite ter varias instalacións con diferentes paquetes e distintas versións de cada paquete. No subdirectorio ''bin'' podes atopar todos os executables típicos de python, así coma o xestor de paquetes ''conda'', que é máis robusto e sinxelo de usar ca ''pip''. | The recommended option is to install the [[https://www.continuum.io/downloads#_unix|Anaconda]] distribution. The advantage of this distribution is that it works from an user directory and lets the user have different installations with different versions of each packet. In the ''bin'' subdirectory you can find all the typical python executables, as well as the ''conda'' package manager which is simpler and more robust than ''pip''. |
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Se non desexas utilizar Anaconda, podes instalar paquetes no home co seguinte comando: | If you prefer not to use Anaconda, you can still install packets with: |
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<code bash>pip install --install-option="--user" nome_paquete</code> | <code bash>pip install --install-option="--user" packet_name</code> |
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Antes de facelo por vez primeira, precisas instalar ''python-dev'': | Before doing it for the first time you need to install ''python-dev'': |
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<code bash>aptdcon -i python-dev</code> | <code bash>aptdcon -i python-dev</code> |
=== R === | === R === |
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Antes de nada, crea un directorio no teu home chamado ''R'': | Firstly create a directory called ''R'' in your home: |
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<code bash>mkdir ~/R</code> | <code bash>mkdir ~/R</code> |
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Lanza R, e dentro executa o comando de instalación de paquetes: | Run R and inside it use the packet installation command: |
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<code R>R | <code R>R |
install.packages("nome_paquete")</code> | install.packages("packet_name")</code> |
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Ó facelo preguntarache se queres facelo en ''~/R'' ó non poder escribir en ''/usr/local/lib/R''. Contesta ''y''. O directorio engadirase ó path de bibliotecas e poderás cargalas con normalidade. | You will be asked if you want to do it in ''~/R'' because ''/usr/local/lib/R'' cant be written into. Answer ''y''. The directory will be added to the library path and you will be able to load them. |
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==== Al desbloquear la pantalla después de suspender, solicita dos veces la contraseña ==== | ==== When unblocking the screen after being idle it asks twice for the password ==== |
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Esto ocurre en el escritorio por defecto (Ubuntu) al heredar la configuración desde Ubuntu 12.04. Para solucioanrlo, basta con ejecutar este comando en una terminal: | This happens in the default directory(Ubuntu) when inheriting the configuration from Ubuntu 12.04. To fix it execute this command from a terminal: |
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<code>dconf reset -f /org/compiz/</code> | <code>dconf reset -f /org/compiz/</code> |
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Tras cerrar sesión y volver a iniciarla, el problema debería desaparecer. Tan solo se perderán algunas configuraciones avanzadas del escritorio que es muy poco probable que hayas tocado. | After closing the session and logging in again the problem should be gone. |
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==== Ó iniciar sesión o teclado cambia a inglés automaticamente ==== | |
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Esto é culpa de ''ibus''. Podes desactivar ibus se non vas a usalo (se non sabes o que é, non o estás a usar). Para facelo, vai a //Preferencias// » //Soporte de idiomas// e no desplegable de método de entrada elixe //Ningún//. | |
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Se precisas ''ibus'', podes solucionar este problema editando a configuración de ibus [[http://askubuntu.com/questions/459617/keyboard-layout-isnt-kept-upon-reboot|como explica aquí]]. | |
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==== A firma de actas da USC non funciona ==== | |
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Para que a firma de actas da USC funcione, debes utilizar Firefox, e ter instalado e funcionando Java 8 de Oracle: | |
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<code>aptdcon -i oracle-java8-installer</code> | ==== After logging in the keyboard gets set to english automatically ==== |
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En Firefox, vai a //Ferramentas// » //Complementos//, e na sección Plugins, comproba que teñas activado o //Java(TM) Plug-in 11.72.2// ou superior e que teñas desactivado calquera outro complemento de java, incluíndo o //Icedtea//. | This is ''ibus'' fault. You can deactivate it if you don't plan on using it (if you don't know what ''ibus'' is then you're not using it). Go to //System settings// » //Language support// and as the keyboard input method choose //None//. |
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Abre o //Oracle Java 8 Plugin Control panel// executando o comando <code>ControlPanel</code> na terminal e realiza os seguintes pasos: | If you need to use ''ibus'' then you can fix this problem by editing its configuration [[http://askubuntu.com/questions/459617/keyboard-layout-isnt-kept-upon-reboot|as explained here]]. |
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- Borra os arquivos temporais, na primeira pestaña, botón //Preferencias// e logo no novo diálogo, //Borrar arquivos...//. | |
- Engade os seguintes sitios á lista de excepcións na pestaña de //Seguridade//: | |
* <nowiki>https://aplicacions.usc.es/</nowiki> | |
* <nowiki>https://sec-virtual.usc.es/</nowiki> | |
* <nowiki>https://*.usc.es/</nowiki> | |
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Despois destes pasos, accede á firma de actas. O applet de proba non funciona, pero o applet de firma real si debería funcionar correctamente. | |